About
About the Author
Liz B. Baker is founder of Nimbology and the Global Institute for AI & Humanity. She advises organizations on AI strategy and speaks on emerging technology and human potential.
She is pro-AI because of what it can do for people, and spends most of her time thinking about how to prevent what it could do to people. She is not funded by technology companies, utilities, or advocacy groups. Her work is grounded in one principle: AI for us, not to us.
About This Guide
This guide aims to provide a rounded perspective on a complex issue. Energy infrastructure, AI development, and consumer costs intersect in ways that don't fit neatly into pro- or anti-technology narratives. The goal is to give readers the context they need to form their own views and participate in decisions being made now.
Sources
International Energy Agency, Electricity 2024
ASCE 2025 Infrastructure Report Card — Energy
DOE Grid Modernization Initiative
PJM Capacity Auction Results & Independent Market Monitor Reports
Virginia State Corporation Commission
FERC Order on Large Load Interconnection, December 2025
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, U.S. Data Center Energy Use
NERC 2025 Long-Term Reliability Assessment
Fortum / Microsoft Espoo District Heating Partnership
Normal Computing — CN101 Thermodynamic Semiconductor
Multistate Associates — Data Center Legislation Tracker 2026
Virginia JLARC, Data Center Infrastructure Cost Analysis
Good Jobs First — Data Center Subsidy Analysis
Ceres — Arizona Data Center Water Projection
